Problemy i perspektywy współczesnego ładu w handlu światowym
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Date
1990
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Digitalizacja i deponowanie archiwalnych zeszytów RPEiS sfinansowane przez MNiSW w ramach realizacji umowy nr 541/P-DUN/2016
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Problems and perspectives of contemporary order in world trade
Abstract
The article refers to the most important problems of contemporary international
economic relations, with special attention paid to the causes and consequences of
growing protectionistic and discriminatory tendencies in international trade. The
growth of protectionism is the outcome of growing competition on the part of
Japan and newly industralized countries as well as of instability of monetary
conditions.
Over- and undervalue of currencies give rise to employment problems and
difficulties in balances of payment, leading to the intensification of protectionistic
trade policy and to the growth of restrictions in international trade exchange.
The analysis of the problems of contemporary order in world trade in regional
and branch aspects leads to several conclusions. Firstly, administrative
methods of control and stabilization of export income and prices in developing
countries are for the most part inefficient Developing countries may gain more
profit from liberalization rather than regulation of trade. Secondly, if the socialist
countries introduce appropriate changes in their economies, they may achieve
profits from the specialization of production also by increasing their "openness".
Thirdly, agricultural and textile sectors belong to the most "regulated" ones.
Reducing the degree of regulation of these two sectors is difficult not only because
basic controversies occur between developed and developing countries but also
among the countries belonging to the first of the two groups.
The increase in prospective efficiency of GATT makes it necessary to adjust
its rules to contemporary tendencies in international economic relations. In particular,
it is indispensable to coordinate financial and monetary aspects of macroeconomic
policy between main trade and political organizations. Moreover, structural
adjustment of developed countries in traditional sectors is also indispensable.
GATT should also provide for the exceptions to its own rules in order to present
the development of uncontrolled restrictive regulations in international exchange.
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Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny, 52, 1990, z. 1, s. 255-267