Zagraniczne inwestycje bezpośrednie jako kanał transferu technologii w rozwiniętych krajach kapitalistycznych
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Date
1990
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Digitalizacja i deponowanie archiwalnych zeszytów RPEiS sfinansowane przez MNiSW w ramach realizacji umowy nr 541/P-DUN/2016
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Foreign direct investment as a channel of the transfer of technology in development capitalistic countries
Abstract
Direct capital investment made abroad by big multinational corporations are
in principle the main channel of the international transfer of modern technology.
One may even say that the growth of big multinational firms and development
of modern technology are mutually interdependent. The almost simultaneous appearance
of these two phenomena countributed to the turn in the way of thinking
in classical theories of international trade. Since that time it has been suggested
that theoretical considerations should include new factors of production and that
hitherto existing views on their international mobility may be regarded as absolete.
A long-term exploitation of technological primacy of a multinational corporation
on foreign markets is realized due to the transfer of new technologies through
the following channels: export of production goods, sale of licences, foreign direct
investment and the migration of scientists and qualified technical personnel. The
determination of relative significance of particular channels is a difficult task. It
seems that the most important means of transfer of modern technology is foreign
direct investment. The importance of other channels is to a great extent conditioned
upon the character and technology of production, and the country and period
of transfer.
Nowadays, it is generally believed that the spread and efficient exploitation
of new technology is an important source of economic growth of developed industrial
countries, brings about the changes in the structure of international
trade, contributes to the development of national technological skills and brings
so-called scientific advantages as well as advantages in the sphere of management
and organization.
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Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny, 52, 1990, z. 1, s. 233-253
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0035-9629