Działanie złego ducha i walka z nim w ujęciu św. Jana Chryzostoma
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Date
2013-01-16
Authors
Zmuda, Adam
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The evil spirit’s action and the fight with him in the teaching of St. John Chrysostom
Abstract
Tematem pracy jest działanie złego ducha i walka z nim w ujęciu św. Jana Chryzostoma. Temat został zrealizowany w pięciu rozdziałach: W pierwszym została dokonana analiza terminologii Chryzostoma w odniesieniu do złego ducha. Został przedstawimy zakres znaczeniowy w świecie hebrajskim i greckim oraz odcienia znaczeniowe określeń Σατανâς, διάβολος, δαίμον, δαιμόνιος. Przeanalizowaliśmy też użycie terminów: szatan, diabeł i demon na gruncie języka polskiego. W drugim rozdziale pokazujemy, co nasz Ojciec mówi na temat stworzenia aniołów, powstania demonów, jakie cechy przypisuje złemu duchowi oraz gdzie, według niego, się ujawnia. Ukazujemy zwycięstwo Syna Człowieczego nad demonem. Trzeci rozdział – to nauka Kaznodziei na temat owocu działania złego ducha jakim jest grzech. Biskup podaje konkretne przestrzenie działania i sposoby kuszenia szatana. Pójcie za diabłem czyli uległość jemu, popełnienie grzechu ma, według naszego Autora, konkretne konsekwencje – doczesne i wieczne; najgorszą jest według niego, bez wątpienia piekło – tę naukę ukazujemy w rozdziale czwartym. Ostatni, piąty rozdział to sposoby przeciwstawiania się złemu duchowi. Duszpasterz podaje swoim wiernym: sakramenty (Chrzest, Eucharystię) oraz praktyki pokutne (modlitwę, post i jałmużnę). Pierwszy rozdział to analiza czysto filologiczna, drugi i czwarty - ujęcie dogmatyczne a trzeci i piąty to nauka moralna Chryzostoma.
The thesis is on the evil spirit’s action and the fight with him in the teaching of St. John Chrysostom. The topic has been covered in five chapters: The first one is an analysis of Chrysostom’s terminology in reference to the evil spirit. It presents the semantic range in the world of Hebrew and Greek, and the shades of meaning of the terms Σατανâς, διάβολος, δαίμον, δαιμόνιος. There has also been analysed the use of terms: Satan, the devil and a demon on the grounds of the Polish language. The second chapter shows what our Father says about the creation of angels, the creation of demons, what characteristics are attributed to the evil spirit, and where, according to him, the evil spirit manifests himself. We show the Son of Man’s victory over the demon. The third chapter – the teaching of Ecclesiastes on the effect of the evil spirit that is sin. The bishop gives the definite spaces of action and ways to tempt used by the devil. Following the devil and submissiveness to him, committing a sin, has - according to our author - the specific consequences – temporal and eternal. The worst is, according to him, undoubtedly hell – this teaching is shown in the next chapter. The last, fifth chapter concerns the ways of opposing the evil spirit. The pastor gives his flock: the sacraments (Baptism, the Eucharist) and the practice of penance (prayer, fasting and almsgiving). The first chapter is a purely philological analysis, the second and fourth – a dogmatic approach and the third and fifth – the moral teaching of Chrysostom.
The thesis is on the evil spirit’s action and the fight with him in the teaching of St. John Chrysostom. The topic has been covered in five chapters: The first one is an analysis of Chrysostom’s terminology in reference to the evil spirit. It presents the semantic range in the world of Hebrew and Greek, and the shades of meaning of the terms Σατανâς, διάβολος, δαίμον, δαιμόνιος. There has also been analysed the use of terms: Satan, the devil and a demon on the grounds of the Polish language. The second chapter shows what our Father says about the creation of angels, the creation of demons, what characteristics are attributed to the evil spirit, and where, according to him, the evil spirit manifests himself. We show the Son of Man’s victory over the demon. The third chapter – the teaching of Ecclesiastes on the effect of the evil spirit that is sin. The bishop gives the definite spaces of action and ways to tempt used by the devil. Following the devil and submissiveness to him, committing a sin, has - according to our author - the specific consequences – temporal and eternal. The worst is, according to him, undoubtedly hell – this teaching is shown in the next chapter. The last, fifth chapter concerns the ways of opposing the evil spirit. The pastor gives his flock: the sacraments (Baptism, the Eucharist) and the practice of penance (prayer, fasting and almsgiving). The first chapter is a purely philological analysis, the second and fourth – a dogmatic approach and the third and fifth – the moral teaching of Chrysostom.
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Keywords
diabeł, devil, działanie, action, walka, fight, Jan Chryzostom, Jan Chrysostom