Definiowanie demokracji w doktrynie kościoła katolickiego
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2012-06-28T07:17:37Z
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Defining democracy in the doctrine of the catholic church
Abstract
Przedmiotem pracy doktorskiej jest przede wszystkim opinia Kościoła katolickiego w kwestii demokracji. Praca została oparta na oficjalnych oświadczeniach w wymieniomych powyżej kwestiach. Za cel badań uznano zaprezentowanie oficjalnego stanowiska Kościoła wobec demokracji w latach 1789-2009 w kontekście dokonujących się w tym czasie zmian ustrojowych. Na przestrzeni dziejów Kościoła dokonała się istotna zmiana w ocenianiu demokracji: od całkowitego jej potępięnia do cześciowego uznania. Watykan, bowiem popiera tylko demokrację zbudowaną w oparciu o wartości chrześcijańskie. Podmiotem ustanawiającym te zasady ma być instytucja Kościoła. Sobór powtórzył za Janem XXIII, źe władza publiczna nie może działać wbrew porządkowi ustanowionemu przez Boga. Tym samym uprawnienia władzy państwowej w tym przedmiocie zostały podporządkowane dyrektywom kościelnym. Można więc sądzić, że proponowany przez Kościół to swoista modyfikacja feudalizmu. Należy uznać, że dla wolności pojmowanej jako wolność wyboru, wyrażonej w udziale jednostki we władzy, a tym samym w stanowionym prawie, nadal w doktrynie Kościoła katolickiego nie ma miejsca.
The scope of this PhD thesis is mostly the opinion of the Catholic Church on the issues of democracy. This thesis is based on official statements of the Church as regards the above mentioned issues. The objective of the research is to present the attitude to democracy in the Church doctrine from 1790 to 2009. This PhD thesis is to demonstrate the official stance of the Church on system changes over the period of more than two hundred years. Throughout the history of Church a profound change in the assessment of democracy has taken place, from utter condemnation to apparent recognition. The Vatican only supports democracy which is based on Christian values. The Church is to be the authority to establish these values. Following John XXIII, the Vatican Council repeated that public authority could not act against the order settled by God. Thus, the power of state authorities in this respect has been subject to the directives of the Catholic Church. One can assume then that the political system proposed by the Church is a particular modification of feudalism. It should be ascertained that freedom – meaning the freedom of choice – expressed by individual participation in government and, consequently, in the enacted law, remains absent from the doctrine of the Catholic Church.
The scope of this PhD thesis is mostly the opinion of the Catholic Church on the issues of democracy. This thesis is based on official statements of the Church as regards the above mentioned issues. The objective of the research is to present the attitude to democracy in the Church doctrine from 1790 to 2009. This PhD thesis is to demonstrate the official stance of the Church on system changes over the period of more than two hundred years. Throughout the history of Church a profound change in the assessment of democracy has taken place, from utter condemnation to apparent recognition. The Vatican only supports democracy which is based on Christian values. The Church is to be the authority to establish these values. Following John XXIII, the Vatican Council repeated that public authority could not act against the order settled by God. Thus, the power of state authorities in this respect has been subject to the directives of the Catholic Church. One can assume then that the political system proposed by the Church is a particular modification of feudalism. It should be ascertained that freedom – meaning the freedom of choice – expressed by individual participation in government and, consequently, in the enacted law, remains absent from the doctrine of the Catholic Church.
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Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Dziennikarstwa
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Demokracja, Democracy, Doktryna kościoła katolickiego, Doctrine of the catholic church, Liberalizm, Liberalism, Ustrój polityczny, Political system, Wartości chrześcijańskie, Christian values