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Item type:Item, Access status: Open Access , Powtórka z historii rozrywki. Magia, czary, rytuały(2026) Frankiewicz, Mateusz; Michalski, Maciej; Wojtczak, JakubZaprezentowane w tomie artykuły, choć niezwykle zróżnicowane pod względem podejmowanej problematyki, tworzą wspólnie fascynującą narracje o ludzkiej naturze. Od pradawnych rytuałów i ziół, przez nowożytne procesy sadowe o czary i alchemie, aż po cyfrowe gry wideo i współczesna fantastykę – zbiór ten dobitnie ukazuje, ze potrzeba obcowania z magia i tajemnica towarzyszy człowiekowi nieprzerwanie. Zmieniają się jedynie realia, narzędzia poznawcze i sposób definiowania tego zjawiska. Książka reprezentuje zatem nie tylko przekrój historyczno-kulturowy zjawiska, ale i dowody na to, ze mitologiczny czy magiczny sposób oswajania rzeczywistości jest nadal aktualny w naszym, tylko z pozoru zracjonalizowanym, świecie.Item type:Item, Access status: Open Access , Les deux manières d’expliquer la réalité proposées par Parménide(Wydział Filozoficzny UAM, 2022) Cordero, Nestor LuisTowards the end of fragment 1 of his Poem, Parmenides puts forward two methods or paths that a priori explain the same object of study: the existence of the fact or state of being. One of the options leads to the core of the truth and is, therefore, pursued. The other is merely a set of contradictory opinions and is, accordingly, abandoned. These two paths are expounded in the rest of the Poem, while fragment 4 shows that even the erroneous conception, which had to be set aside, can still be fruitful. Once the firm foundation of truth has been established, fragments 10 and 11 propose to widen the inquiry to the whole of reality. This interpretation suggests a rejection of the arrangement of the Poem that has become canonical, and a criticism of the doxographic tradition that since Aristotle has “Platonised” the philosophy of Parmenides by assimilating the “opinions” (which are only points of view) to the “appearances” (in the Platonic sense of the term).Item type:Item, Access status: Open Access , Philolaus of Croton, On Nature (Περὶ φύσεως). Doxography and Fragments(Wydział Filozoficzny UAM, 2022) Wesoły, Marian AndrzejThe present article consists of two parts. First, we provide some general information on the life and views of Philolaus. This serves as an introduction to the second part which offers a new Polish translation of the most important ancient testimonies on Philolaus and the preserved fragments from his book On Nature (the latter are quoted along with the Greek original). According to the most recent research, these fragments are authentic and give an important insight into the Pythagorean and early Greek philosophy. The present selection of Philolaus’ testimonies and fragments has been arranged in a novel and accessible manner.Item type:Item, Access status: Open Access , Alētheia in Gorgias of Leontini. An Excerpt from the History of Truth(Wydział Filozoficzny UAM, 2022) Leeten, LarsIt is often assumed that the concept of alētheia, or ‘truth’, in Gorgias of Leontini belongs to the art of rhetoric. Along these lines, it is usually understood as an aesthetic concept or even a mere ‘adornment’ of speech. In this paper, it is argued, by contrast, that Gorgianic alētheia is a definable criterion of speech figuring in the practice of moral education. While the ‘truth’ of a logos indeed has to be assessed on aesthetic grounds, the underlying concept of alētheia is predominantly ethical. For Gorgias, speech is ‘true’ when it promotes virtue (aretē) by being expressive of virtue. The principle stated in the opening passage of the Encomium of Helen, that a speaker has ‘to praise what is praiseworthy and to blame what is blameworthy’, explains precisely this understanding of alētheia.Item type:Item, Access status: Open Access , The (Un)bearable Lightness of Being. The Cyrenaics on Residual Solipsism(Wydział Filozoficzny UAM, 2022) Zilioli, UgoThe aim of this paper is to assess the evidence on Cyrenaic solipsism and show how and why some views endorsed by the Cyrenaics appear to be committing them to solipsism. After evaluating the fascinating case for Cyrenaic solipsism, the paper shall deal with an (often) underestimated argument on language attributed to the Cyrenaics, whose logic – if I reconstruct it well – implies that after all the Cyrenaics cannot have endorsed a radical solipsism. Yet, by drawing an illuminating parallel with Wittgenstein’s argument on private language and inner sensations, a case is to be made for the Cyrenaics to have subscribed to a sort of ‘residual solipsism’, which in turn helps us to understand the notion of Cyrenaic privacy at a fuller extent.