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Access status: Open Access ,
Optimization of ZnGa₂O₄:Cr³⁺ Nanoparticle Synthesis Exhibiting Persistent Luminescence for Nanoplastic Labelling and Imaging in Daphnia magna
(John Wiley & Sons, 2025-06-03) Drozdowski, Adrian; Musiał, Joanna; Ekner-Grzyb, Anna; Soler-Carracedo, Kevin; Grzyb, Tomasz
Nano- and microplastic pollution is one of modern science’s most pressing environmental challenges. Its presence has been reported in soil, water, air, aquatic species, and humans. Despite its widespread occurrence, tracking plastic particles within organisms remains challenging. Therefore, developing new visualization methods is crucial for understanding how nano- and microplastics are distributed and absorbed in biological systems. A promising solution lies in nanoparticles (NPs) capable of persistent luminescence, such as ZnGa2O4:Cr3+, which, as labels, enable background-free detection in the first biological window range. In this work, three different synthesis methods of the ZnGa2O4:Cr3+ NPs, i.e., precipitation, hydrothermal, and solvothermal are compared, and their optimization for the best spectroscopic properties. The optimized NPs are then applied for polystyrene microparticles labeling and successfully used to track microplastic uptake and distribution in Daphnia magna as a model aquatic organism.
Access status: Open Access ,
Assessing the effects of luminescently labelled and non-labelled PET nanoparticles on environmental bacteria
(Elsevier, 2025-08-19) Krysiak-Smułek, Klaudia; Smułek, Wojciech; Przybylska, Dominika; Hnatejko, Zbigniew; Kaczorek, Ewa; Grzyb, Tomasz
Manufacturers use polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to create many everyday objects, which break down into nanoparticles when released into the environment. This fact raises questions about the effects of nanometric PET on living organisms, including bacteria. However, studies on nanoPET are rare and challenging, even if only because its detection and visualisation are difficult. We studied nanoPET toxicity on selected bacteria and tested its visualisation in biological samples using three nanoPET types: pure, labelled with upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs), and labelled with Eu3+ complex compound. The resulting colloids were characterized using dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, and emission measurements. The results confirmed the development of a method for preparing a stable aqueous colloid of nanoPET. Toxicity tests on Bacillus, Lelliottia, and Pseudomonas strains were carried out using the AlamarBlue method, along with measurements of Glutathione S-Transferase enzyme activity. The impact of labelled and non-labelled nanoPET on bacterial carbon utilisation of different sources was also evaluated. Crystal violet and the o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactoside assays were applied to assess changes in membrane permeability. The adhesion of nanoPET to bacterial cells was examined using atomic force microscopy, and biofilm alterations were visualised under an optical microscope. UCNPs enabled the detection of nanoPET aggregation in bacterial biofilms. PET nanoparticles had a neutral or stimulating effect on bacterial growth. Cell membrane permeability varied depending on the bacterial strain and the type of nanoPET used. The results offer valuable insight into the environmental impact of nanoPET and demonstrate the effectiveness of the new nanoplastic labelling and detection method.
Access status: Open Access ,
Erotyka na stronie. Onomastyka portali erotycznych
(Wydawnictwo UMCS, 2014) Graf, Magdalena; Beata Jarosz, Małgorzata Karwatowska, Robert Litwiński, Adam Siwiec
The subject matter of the article is on analysis of proper names that are used on the web sites and web pages containing erotic and pornographic contents, as well as by the users of this web sites. Onomastic analysis is combined with arrangements from the field of culture studies the concept of postmodern eroticism.
Access status: Open Access ,
Centrum i peryferia dyskursu maladycznego
(Belianum, 2025) Graf, Magdalena
Artykuł omawia dyskurs medyczny, zderzając narracje medyczne z wartościowaniem językowym. Analizuje jak mówić o chorobie.
Access status: Open Access ,
Adaptation, not translation: a 1950s manifesto for translating for children
(UCL Press, 2026) Wieczorkiewicz, Aleksandra
In “The Question of Adaptation“ (1952), Irena Tuwim outlines her approach to translation for young audiences: the far-reaching freedom necessary “for the translator to give linguistic works of the highest quality” and the premise of the translator’s agency and high prestige. Tuwim explicitly proclaims “the rule of adaptation, not translation”; most notably she applied this rule in her translations for children, particularly her much-loved and still much-appreciated translations of A.A. Milne’s “Winnie-the-Pooh“ (“Kubuś Puchatek“, 1938) and “The House at Pooh Corner“ (“Chatka Puchatka“, 1938), often described as “congenial translations” or even better than the originals. “The Question of Adaptation“ is not only an important manifesto of an individual translator whose work had an invaluable impact on the Polish reception of English classics but also, in a way, a summary and synthesis of the most prevalent strategy in translating children’s books in Poland up to the 1950s, which was based on far-reaching domestication, freedom in approaching the original and purposeful adjustments for the benefit of the young audience.