Communities in AMUR
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Analiza genologiczna preambuł polskich aktów prawnych z lat 1918-2018 ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wpływu ich budowy składniowej na prezentowane wartości
(2026) Kosmalska, Weronika; Rybka, Małgorzata; Smolak, Marek
Rozprawa doktorska poświęcona jest analizie gatunkowej preambuł polskich aktów prawnych z lat 1918–2018. Jej celem było określenie cech kanonicznego wzorca preambuły oraz wskazanie kierunków przemian tego gatunku w ciągu stulecia, z uwzględnieniem trzech bytów państwowych: II RP, PRL i III RP. Badania przeprowadzono w oparciu o koncepcję genologii lingwistycznej Marii Wojtak, obejmując aspekty pragmatyczny, semantyczny,formalny, stylistyczny i kulturowy. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono ukształtowaniu składniowemu preambuł, traktując składnię jako narzędzie precyzyjnego wyrażania i hierarchizowania wartości. W tym celu wykonano statystyczne analizy składniowe 309 preambuł, zestawiając ich wyniki z innymi typami tekstów prawnych i nienormatywnych. Rozszerzenie badań o składnię semantyczną pozwoliło ocenić wpływ budowy zdań na aksjologię tekstów oraz na relację między wyrażaniem kanonu wartości a perswazyjną funkcją władzy. Analizy, prowadzone osobno dla każdego okresu historycznego, uwzględniały kontekst polityczno-społeczny, zasady techniki prawodawczej, kondycję języka prawnego i aksjologię prawodawcy. Efektem pracy jest charakterystyka wzorca kanonicznego preambuły, identyfikacja jego alternacji i adaptacji oraz klasyfikacja i hierarchizacja wartości właściwych poszczególnym okresom historycznym.
The doctoral dissertation analyses the genological structure of preambles to Polish legal acts from 1918–2018. Its aim is to identify the features of the canonical preamble model and to determine directions of its evolution across three state formations: the Second Polish Republic, the Polish People’s Republic, and the Third Polish Republic. The study is based on Maria Wojtak’s framework of linguistic genology and covers pragmatic, semantic, formal, stylistic, and cultural aspects. Special attention is given to syntactic structure, treated as a tool for the precise expression and hierarchical organization of values. Statistical syntactic analyses of 309 preambles were conducted and compared with results obtained for other legal and non-legal texts. The inclusion of semantic syntax allows for an assessment of the influence of syntactic form on axiological content and on the balance between expressing a societal value system and exercising persuasive authority. Analyses were carried out separately for each period, with due regard to the political and socio-cultural context, principles of legislative drafting, the state of legal language, and the lawmaker’s axiological assumptions. The study results in a description of the canonical preamble model, its alternations and adaptations, and a classification of period-specific values.
Attitudes towards Medically Assisted Reproduction among Students in Three Euro-Mediterranean Countries
(Wydział Filozoficzny UAM, 2025-12-31) Tutić Grokša, Ivana; Depope, Ana; Trako Poljak, Tijana; Buterin. Toni; Doričić, Robert; Rinčić, Iva; Gensabella, Marianna; Zagorac, Ivana; Eterović, Igor; Kalokairinou, Eleni; Kaluđerović, Željko; Guć, Josip; Vantsos, Miltiadis; Giacobello, Maria Laura; Muzur, Amir
Human reproduction has traditionally been an important issue in medical ethics. Advances in medical technology and the development of medically assisted reproduction (MAR) procedures are creating new bioethical dilemmas. This study is based on a quantitative approach using the survey method on a convenience sample of students (N=1097) from five universities from four fields of study – Medicine, Law, Theology and Philosophy – in Croatia, Greece and Italy. The aim of this study was to investigate students’ attitudes towards various aspects of medically assisted reproduction. Three hypotheses were tested using t-tests and ANOVA to examine differences in attitudes based on variables such as country, field of study, gender, year of study, religiosity, political orientation, financial status and size of their place of residence. Despite sharing a common Mediterranean cultural heritage, students from Italy showed a greater disapproval of MAR, but due to the small effect size, this difference should be interpreted with caution and the hypothesis could not be fully confirmed. In addition, Theology students had statistically significantly more negative attitudes toward MAR. Regarding differences in students’ socio-demographic characteristics, women, older students, individuals who are not religious and those who are politically left-oriented tended to have more liberal attitudes toward MAR. The results enable further reflection on the concept of Mediterranean Bioethics. These findings highlight how disciplinary background and religiosity shape ethical attitudes toward MAR within the Mediterranean context.
Ethical AI in Healthcare: A Comprehensive Review Addressing Privacy, Security, and Fairness
(Wydział Filozoficzny UAM, 2025-12-31) Nkrumah, Ivy Payne; Engmann, Felicia; Adu-Manu, Kofi Sarpong
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into healthcare presents both transformative potential and profound ethical challenges. This paper examines how ethical principles, such as transparency, fairness, accountability, and privacy, are applied and operationalised in healthcare AI. Using a structured narrative review approach, we analysed over 70 peer-reviewed empirical studies, policy documents, and regulatory frameworks that span applications in clinical decision support systems, diagnostics, mental health interventions and personalised medicine. Particular attention is given to the perspectives of diverse stakeholders, including patients, clinicians, data scientists and regulators. We assess fairness using demographic parity and equalised odds and evaluate transparency via explainability metrics and auditability practices. Our findings highlight the persistent issues of demographic bias, lack of stakeholder participation, and regulatory fragmentation. We propose a typology of responsible AI metrics, including data representativeness indices, fairness-accuracy trade-off scores, and human-AI oversight benchmarks, that can guide the ethical evaluation and deployment of AI models. By emphasising intersectionality, contextual equity, and co-designed governance, this study moves beyond generic ethical appeals to concrete implementation strategies. Our contribution offers a practical and interdisciplinary roadmap for aligning AI innovation with patient-centred values, institutional accountability, and evolving EU regulatory standards in the healthcare sector.
Reproducing Binary Sex: The Post-pandemic Theories from a Gender and Normative Perspective
(Wydział Filozoficzny UAM, 2025-12-31) Liotzis, Vangelis
During the notorious collective experience of COVID-19 pandemic, the prospect of a better future was featured in public interventions in the light of the recent painful circumstance. The theories of the post-pandemic world were prominent in this debate. This article attempts to examine some of them in order to investigate how broader social theories integrate the gender perspective. From the approximately forty English-language monographs by important scholars and thinkers which have characterised the relevant body of work, only ten of them have been found to contain explicit gendered references. Those were the selected sample of an analysis which was conducted from a social constructionist point of view articulated with a (neuro)feminist perspective. Despite the epistemological and methodological advances in the study of gender relations, the long dominant approach of binary sex constituted the basic framework of the analyses in the examined post-pandemic theories. This is a choice that does not advance the public debate on gender relations, since it de facto ignores and silences the multiplicity of gender identities and intersectional premises.
Reconceptualizing Consumer Responsibility: From Rosters to Philosophy
(Wydział Filozoficzny UAM, 2025-12-30) McGregor, Sue
Conceptual papers reflect a researcher’s theoretical thoughts and philosophical speculations about a topic and are especially useful for generating ideas that incentivize theory development. This conceptual paper shares a philosophical reconceptualization of consumer responsibility, which people traditionally approach using rosters of corresponding responsibilities and rights. After profiling rosters from both the United Nations and Consumers International, the consumer responsibility phenomenon was reconceptualized through three philosophical queries: (a) what is it to be responsible (moral reasoning, feelings, or virtue/character trait); (b) what is a person responsible for (past and future orientation — retrospection and prospection); and (c) before whom is someone responsible (self-attribution versus diffusion)? Future researchers are encouraged to use this new conceptual framework to study and theorize the different ways people might philosophically understand being responsible consumers.
Is There Any Equal Opportunity Approach in Latin America? A Systematic Review 2014-2024
(Wydział Filozoficzny UAM, 2025-12-31) Carbajal-Camberos, Juan Pablo
This paper presents the results of a systematic literature review examining the evolution of contemporary Theories of Justice, Egalitarianism, and the Principle of Equality of Opportunity in Latin American countries from 2014 to 2024. It seeks to contribute perspectives from the Global South to the philosophical field, thereby enriching the dialogue on how egalitarian justice operates across diverse contexts. The study used three academic databases: Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. A total of 864 articles were initially identified, and after applying the PRISMA methodology, 64 papers were selected according to the established criteria. The analysis reveals that these works reflect a distinctly Latin American approach characterized by: Intrinsic Pluralist Egalitarianism (relational-distributive), Decolonial and Feminist Theoretical Influence, and Pragmatic Equality of Opportunity.
Aerial Digital Archaeology and Data Ethics through the Lens of Actor-Network Theory
(Wydział Filozoficzny UAM, 2025-12-31) Ros, Sayumphu
Actor-network theory emphasizes the importance of technology in archaeological research, particularly in aerial digital archaeology. It deconstructs objective narratives by revealing the complexity of knowledge production, including the archaeologist’s expertise, excavation tools, technology, and the researcher’s cultural background. Data are a dynamic output of the network, influenced by factors like tools, environment, and survey timing. The researcher’s cultural context also plays a role, as Western archaeologists may have different approaches and interpretations from those of researchers from developing countries. The theory also highlights the power dynamics of the network, with those controlling it – through technology, funding, and interpretation – wielding greater influence. This raises ethical concerns, especially in cases of “parachute science”, where foreign researchers conduct research in developing countries. A strong ethical framework is therefore needed to address these issues, and to promote collaboration and knowledge transfer. Actor-network theory encourages a more collaborative, ethically sound approach to understanding the past, especially when using aerial digital archaeology. This article systematically argues for such an approach.
Moral Competence of Teacher Education Students. The Role of Guided Reflection and Responsibility-Taking Opportunities
(Wydział Filozoficzny UAM, 2025-12-31) Tello, Daniel; Pardo, Marisa Meza; Salazar, Jaime Retamal
Teacher education needs to focus on moral development and prepare their students to face the moral dilemmas in the teacher profession. The present study shows the first results of a long term research between 2017 and 2022 in 3 Chilean Universities. The relationship of learning environment, according to Responsibility Taking (RT) and Guided Reflection (GR) opportunities, on the differences on moral competence, was evaluated with a cross sectional design, comparing last with first year students (n=671). Results suggest a significant influence of RT and GR on moral competence. Being tutor at university is identified as one of those opportunities.
Władza sztuki: studium nowoczesnych relacji między sztuką, edukacją i społeczeństwem
(2026) Fiedler, Stefaniya; Banaszak, Sławomir. Promotor
W rozprawie doktorskiej “Władza sztuki: studium nowoczesnych relacji pomiędzy sztuką, edukacją a społeczeństwem” została podjęta próba ukazania szerszej perspektywy spojrzenia na system edukacji, w którym, według autorki, sztuka pełni istotną rolę. Sztuka jawi się tutaj nie jako odrębna dziedzina, lecz jako fundamentalna cecha ludzkiej egzystencji. Refleksja nad znaczeniem sztuki w życiu jednostek wynikała z potrzeby namysłu nad miejscem i rolą człowieka we współczesnym świecie oraz nad warunkami wszechstronnego rozwoju zarówno jednostek, jak i społeczeństwa w obliczu perturbacji i przyspieszenia nowoczesności. Centralnym punktem analiz uczyniono zjawisko “warsztat twórczy” – niszową praktykę artystyczno-edukacyjną, która została ukazana jako przykład i płaszczyzna łączenia praktyk społecznych, edukacyjnych oraz artystycznych. W ten sposób warsztat twórczy stał się nie tylko przedmiotem badań własnych, lecz także ilustracją możliwości, jakie niesie ze sobą włączenie twórczości do procesów edukacyjnych i społecznych, otwierając przestrzeń głębokiej refleksji, wszechstronnego rozwoju i kształtowania tożsamości.
In the doctoral dissertation “The Power of Art: A Study of Contemporary Relations between Art, Education, and Society” an attempt was made to present a broader perspective on the educational system, in which, according to the author, art plays a crucial role. Art is presented here not as a separate discipline, but as a fundamental feature of human existence. Reflection on the significance of art in individuals’ lives emerged from the need to reconsider the place and role of the human being in the contemporary world, as well as the conditions for the holistic development of both individuals and society in the time of social disruptions and the accelerated pace of modern life. The central focus of the analysis was the phenomenon of the creative workshop — a niche art—based educational practice, which was shown as an example and a connecting platform for social, educational, and artistic practices. In this way, the creative workshop became not only the subject of the author’s own research, but also an illustration of the possibilities inherent in the educational model where creativity is integrated into learning practices and social processes, opening up a space for deep reflection, holistic development, and the shaping of identity.
Moral Foundations as Predictors of Academic Success: Examining GPA and Subject Preferences in Middle Adolescents
(Wydział Filozoficzny UAM, 2025-12-31) Stastna, Kamila
This study explores relationships between adolescents’ moral foundations and academic outcomes, extending existing psychological frameworks into educational research. A sample of 192 German high school students (aged 15–17) completed the Moral Foundations Questionnaire, although the analyses specifically focused on the Care, Fairness, and Authority foundations based on theoretical relevance to educational contexts. Academic achievement (grade point average, GPA) and subject preferences were measured through self-reported grades and subject rankings. Data were analyzed using non-parametric correlations, ordinal logistic regression, and group comparisons. Results indicated that higher scores in the Care foundation were significantly associated with better GPA, whereas Fairness showed no significant correlation. Moreover, students expressing dislike for natural sciences displayed significantly higher Authority foundation scores. These results suggest that specific moral foundations may be relevant in shaping academic performance and subject preferences among adolescents. Future studies should further explore underlying mechanisms to inform targeted educational practices.