Artykuły naukowe (WNS)
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Browsing Artykuły naukowe (WNS) by Author "Boruszewski, Jarosław"
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Item Identyfikacja problemów w infobrokerstwie systemowym(2014) Boruszewski, JarosławThe purpose of this article is to provide adequate characteristics of problem identification in systemic information brokerage. A systemic information broker is an interdisciplinary professional who is responsible for creating pertinent content in an organization and who respects the accepted standards of record keeping. According to John Dewey’s theory of inquiry, problem identification is a stage between a felt difficulty and the formulation of the problem. The author of this article proposes a twolevel description of problem identification. At the macro level, problem identification is understood as identifying the respected way of thinking in an organization and, more specifically, as identifying the divergence between the respected way of thinking and one’s declared way of thinking. At the micro level, problem identification involves identifying keywords. Once identified, keywords are used to formulate problems in the form of how-questions.Item Jakość i wiarygodność informacji w infobrokerstwie(Wydawnictwo Naukowe Instytutu Filozofii UAM, 2012) Boruszewski, JarosławItem Maszyny i symbole (I) – semantyczne aspekty cybernetyki i automatyzacji(Oficyna Wydawnicza Epigram, 2011) Boruszewski, JarosławThis article is the first part of the cycle titled “Machines and symbols”. The main issue of this cycle may be formulated as a question: can machines and technical devices operate with symbols? A very important problem raised in this essay is the difference between symbols and signals. The concept of signal is also broadly discussed in the paper, because there are many different definitions of this concept. The present text contains semantic and philosophical considerations concerning cybernetics, mathematical theory of communication, industrial semiotics and semio-technics. In these theories, terms “symbol” and “signal” are often used interchangeably which leads to misconceptions. One of the most frequent misconceptions is confusing discrete signals with symbols. The author focused on communication systems where machines are senders and humans are receivers, because descriptions of these systems tend towards anthropomorphization of a machine-sender. This tendency makes signals sent out by machines treated as symbols comprehensible by a human-receiver. Another interesting aspect of machine-human communication systems is the treatment of a human-receiver as some kind of machine. Such an idea is called “mechanomorphism”.Item Problemy z pojęciem wiedzy w ramach epistemicznej koncepcji znaczenia Michaela Dummetta(Oficyna Wydawnicza Epigram, 2007) Boruszewski, JarosławAccording to epistemic theory of meaning the meaning is not understanding-transcendent – understanding is a kind of knowledge and the meaning is the content of this knowledge. The main problem of such a theory is to provide an adequate characteristic of the notion of knowledge. Dummett claims that understanding cannot be reduced neither to purely practical abilities, nor to explicit theoretical knowledge. In his opinion the most important part of the knowledge that constitutes understanding is a kind of implicit knowledge, something halfway between practical ability and theoretical knowledge. Unfortunately is not so simple to provide sufficiently clear characteristics of it. Moreover, because of implicitness of this knowledge, there is problem with manifestation of possession of such knowledge. Understanding should be related to the practice of making assertions. In the article I try to argue for soundness of thesis that important part of knowledge that constitutes understanding is a kind of procedural knowledge. This type of knowledge (called “knowledge-how”) cannot be reduced to propositional or conceptual knowledge (“knowledge-that”). Procedural knowledge has manifestation in activities doing in accordance with some set of the rules, but possession of this knowledge does not require explicit knowledge-that of the rules. Procedural knowledge is also located in the middle of the spectrum – between reflex actions and theoretical knowledge.Item Semantyka po semantyce. O współczesnych projektach komunikacji bez symboli(Instytut Filozofii UJ, 2004) Boruszewski, JarosławTekst niniejszy traktuje o współczesnych projektach komunikacji bez symboli, do których należy zaliczyć projekt kultury bez symboli oparty na neopragmatystycznej filozofii Donalda Davidsona i Richarda Rorty’ego oraz projekt komunikacji post-symbolicznej Jarona Laniera – informatyka, eseisty i kompozytora, autora terminu „wirtualna rzeczywistość”. Celem artykułu jest rozpatrzenie semantycznych problemów generowanych przez założenia tych projektów, ponieważ, pomimo występowania licznych między nimi różnic, postuluje się w ich ramach odrzucenie pojęcia odniesienia przedmiotowego. Przyjrzę się bliżej temu, jak postulat ten jest formułowany, jaką przedstawia się argumentację za nim przemawiającą oraz na czym miałaby polegać jego praktyczna realizacja.