Przegląd Prawa Rolnego, 2014 Nr 1 (14)

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    Spis treści - Przegląd Prawa Rolnego 1 (14) 2014
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2014)
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    Przegląd orzecznictwa - Wybrane tezy orzeczeń w sprawach rolnych
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2014) Łobos-Kotowska, Dorota; Stańko, Marek
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    Przegląd orzecznictwa - Wybrane zagadnienia z problematyki rolnej w orzecznictwie sądowym
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2014) Truszkiewicz, Zygmunt
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    Przegląd piśmiennictwa - „Rivista di Diritto Agrario”
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2014) Leśkiewicz, Katarzyna
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    Przegląd piśmiennictwa - „Revue de Droit Rural”
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2014) Frąckowiak, Zofia
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    Przeglą piśmiennictwa -„Revista de Derecho Agrario y Alimentario”
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2014) Różański, Krzysztof
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    Przegląd piśmiennictwa - „Agrar- und Umweltrecht”
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2014) Marcinkowski, Michał
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    Procedura dokonywania zmian w rejestrze zakładów żywnościowych - aspekty prawne
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2014) Sokołowski, Łukasz Mikołaj
    The procedure of entering changes to the register of food companies – legal aspects S u m m a r y The aim of this paper was to resolve the doubts which arise in the process of ente ring changes to the register of food companies and, in particular, to answer the question of how information on modifications should be submitted to competent bodies, and the de lege ferenda postulates be presented. The current regulation as it is, may certainly seem to be inconsistent and internally contradictory. As such, it entails a number of practical problems, and those are encountered not by the approved and registered entities, but also by organs of administration and end-consumers whose life, health and fair interests should be given utmost legal protection. The currently biding and applicable legal state requires a change, or at least an adoption of such a practice by administrative organs, which will recognise an entry of a change to a register as an entry into a register, and in the case of the activity being modified, it will require an application filed, requesting an entry or an approval an entry in the register. However, it would be recommended and justified to enact legislation providing that an entry or a deletion of an entry (being struck out) also constitutes an entry to the register.
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    Z prawnej problematyki ochrony lasów we Włoszech
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2014) Flick, Giovanni Maria
    Legal issues of forest protection in Italy S u m m a r y There is a tendency in Italy to increase forest areas, but the actual making use of forests and the quality of products obtained from them continues to be negligent. Italy is reach in poor forests and suffers all the consequences (also economic) arising from it. The author postulates making available to all operators in the forest sector, as well as to all those to whom the fate of forests is important, the necessary tools which will highlight the role of a forest as a factor of development and emphasise its importance as an element of territorial protection. These tools should be so developed as to promote an active and sustainable management of the forestry heritage being the main measure of the valuation of the forest potential as an economic as well as social, cultural and environmental instrument serving protection of the territory and local development. State functions and competences should be harmonised with those of regional and local self-governments and authorities, excessive legal regulations and bureaucracy should be eliminated, while broad synergic activity undertaken by business and environmental entities should be valued and assessed. once the legislation on forests is improved, forests will have a chance to develop and per form multiple functions, which will ultimately enable entering into the fourth phase of sustained development.
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    Z prawnej problematyki nowej żywności
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2014) Sokołowski, Łukasz Mikołaj
    Legal issues related to new food S u m m a r y The aim of the deliberations was an attempt to resolve the doubts related to the use of the concept ‘new food’, and also to establish how the existing legislation provides for the safety of that kind of food, and whether these regulations are sufficiently effective. The author concludes that the adoption of a common procedure and a harmonised system of assessing the safety level of food produced with the use of new technologies and new sources, to date not recognised as food, was a good decision. New food has no safety history and therefore may constitute a risk not only to the consumers’ health or life, but also to the natural environment. Therefore it is essential that the adopted regulation is in place, but is also open to new technological developments and production methods.
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    Prawne aspekty klonowania zwierząt i wprowadzania do obrotu klonów oraz żywności pochodzącej od klonów
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2014) Leśkiewicz, Katarzyna
    Legal aspects of animal cloning and the placing of clones and food from animal clones on the market S u m m a r y The paper aims to answer the question whether the drafts of directives No 892 and 893 contain adequate legal solutions enabling effective implementation of a temporary ban on cloning and placing clones and food from animal clones on the EU market. This issue has been analysed in light of Regulation No 258/1997 on placing on the market food and elements of food (ingredients) which to date have not been to any significant extent used for human consumption. The authors concludes that the draft directives propose special solutions, absent in Regulation 258/97 as regards food from animal clones. Once the prohibition anticipated in the draft directives comes into force, it will be highly unlikely that such food, in its own form or as new food, will be capable of being placed on the EU market. However, it may be rather difficult to identify food from cloned animals, and a prohibition of cloning animals or introducting clones in trading in the scope defined in the EU draft directives will not eliminate the problem of cloned food identification in the case of imported food.
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    Wymogi higieniczno-sanitarne sprzedaży bezpośredniej żywności wobec aktualnych oczekiwań - aspekty prawnoporównawcze
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2014) Kapała, Anna
    Hygiene and sanitary requirements for direct food sales in light of the current market expectations – aspects of a legal comparative analysis S u m m a r y The paper aims to assess the extent to which the Italian legislative has used the powers vested to it by the EU regulations with regards the national measures applicable in the area of hygiene. The analysis of this issue goes beyond the determination whether domestic provisions have been issued, and seeks to establish whether such provisions, if do exist, facilitate direct sales, ensuring at the same time the maintenance of public health. Domestic measures available in Italian legislation on food hygiene have been described with regards to different forms of direct sale. The analysis has shown that wherever possible, derogations from the EU sanitary and hygiene requirements have been made (within the scope of direct sales in small quantities and traditional production methods), or the hygiene requirements have been reconciled with the specifics of the environment (agro-tourism), while at the same time efforts have been made to ensure food safety in Italy also in compliance with the EU guidelines.
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    Procedura notyfikacji suplementów diety, czyli o potrzebie nowelizacji ustawy z 25 sierpnia 2006 r. o bezpieczeństwie żywności i żywienia
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2014) Szymecka-Wesołowska, Agnieszka
    Notification procedure of dietary supplements – the need for amendments to the law of 25 August 2006 on food and nutrition safety S u m m a r y The aim of these deliberations is to identify the main shortcomings of the currently binding notification procedure of dietary supplements, and its legal and economic effects in practice, affecting not only Polish entrepreneurs but consumers as well. These shortcomings include among other things the extent (scope) of the notification requirement, the clarification procedure conducted by the Main Sanitary Inspector, and, in particular, the form of its commencement and termination. They also include the absence of a regulation of giving notice of necessary corrections, and the form in which the whole procedure is to be completed. The remarks presented in the paper are briefly analysed from the legal point of view, and different opinions of administrative courts are compared. Concluding, the author confirms the view expressed earlier in the doctrine that the regulations governing the notification procedure with regards dietary supplements (as well as selected types of special purpose food and enriched food) set out in the Law on food and nutrition safety of 25 August 2006 must be amended. This need is justified not only because the current procedure requires improvement to serve entrepreneurs better, but also to ensure compliance of the Polish regulation with the European Union law.
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    Karnoprawna ochrona środowiska naturalnego
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2014) Zawłocki, Robert
    Protection of natural environment in criminal law S u m m a r y The aim of this paper is to answer the question of the formal and legal adequacy of instruments introduced to the Criminal Code to protect the natural environment. The regulation of its Chapter XXII has been analysed. The author formulates a critical assessment of the regulation and postulates gross amendments to it. The necessary systemic correction should not only consist in substantial reformulation, but also a redefinition of the delicts referred to in the analysed chapter. It seems that the redrafting works currently being conducted by the Criminal Law Codification Committee at the Minister of Justice are a good occasion to implement the necessary amendments. What is needed is the elimination of the legislative errors which are the main obstacle today, and which reduce the scope of, or the extent to which the currently available provisions are applied in practice. As a result, the symbolic and fictitious character of the protection of natural environment in criminal law would make that protection a feasible reality.
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    Zasiłek macierzyński z ubezpieczenia społecznego rolników
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2014) Puślecki, Damian
    Maternity benefit payable from farmers social insurance S u m m a r y The aim of the deliberations presented in the paper was to establish the extent of protection due to an insured farmer in the event of a birth of a child requiring the mother to (temporarily) refrain from work. The subject of insurance protection as well as its financing and the quality of received benefits is being examined. The author concludes that the currently binding construction of maternity insurance does not provide a full cover of the insured person and is not fit for individuals engaged in agricultural activity, as it is isolated from the essence of the insurance itself, the insured subject, and the very function of social insurance. There is a clear need for isolating the maternity insurance in insurance law pertaining to farmers, their insurance cover, level of premiums paid, and the benefits granted. Maternity benefits in agriculture, being periodical payments, should have a compensatory- supportive function arising from the specifics of the work performed by those involved in agricultural activity.
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    Wspólna Polityka Rolna wobec problemów zarządzania ryzykiem
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2014) Lipińska, Izabela
    Common Agricultural Policy and risk management S u m m a r y The aim of this paper is to identify and assess both, the new production risk management instruments and the existing ones currently being modified, in the prospect of the new common agricultural policy to be implemented in the near future. Instruments provided for in Regulation No 1305/2013 have been given a particular attention. The author concludes that available risk management instruments shape the organisation and production of an agricultural entity and influence its system of production and control, including the methods it employs, the technologies it implements, or the manner in which it negotiates contracts. Proper risk management allows identification of all decisionmaking processes in an agricultural entity, ultimately leading to stabilisation of the business and financial condition of farms and farmers, free from distortions in trading and competition. Therefore risk management instruments should have a degree of flexibility, allowing their co-existence with other forms of public aid.
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    Z prawnej problematyki ochrony krajobrazu na obszarach wiejskich
    (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2014) Goździewicz-Biechońska, Justyna
    Legal aspects of landscape protection in rural areas S u m m a r y The aim of this paper is an attempt to determine the extent to which a normative regulation helps effective protection of rural landscape. This goal requires first of all a legal definition of a rural landscape, keeping in mind the draft landscape law which uses the term ‘landscape’ but fails to provide its legal definition. What is more, the term can be found in a number of legislative acts providing for and referring to different types of landscape. The author thus concludes that the assumptions existing in the legal system currently binding in Poland are not fully compatible with the contemporary approach to landscape protection in international law and science. What is more, the existing legal solutions are neither satisfactorily coherent or efficient to effectively protect the landscape in rural areas, while the legislative initiatives so far undertaken have been of a stop-gap and interim character, not capable of adequately harmonising the existing legal system with modern concepts based on sustainable development and integrated active protection and multifunctional agriculture.