Studia Romanica Posnaniensia, 2007, vol. 34
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Item 1. Spis treści(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007)Item Ad augusta per absurda(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Arnaud, VareilleAlphonse Allais's works are unjustly termed "funny" by some. His contemporaries regarded him as one of the best representatives of nonsense literature. Today, thanks to studies based on psychoanalysis, sociocriticism and more recent research on humour, his works can be considered as partaking of a certain commitment. As a result, jokes could be viewed as an aesthetic or political way to question reality and they could be reconsidered to be as highly esteemed as the ideas of great philosophers like Jeremy Bentham or Friedrich Nietzsche or the works of more "serious" authors like Jules Laforgue, Remy de Gourmont or Raymond Roussel. To make the reader know himself and to understand the world through nonsense - this is the paradoxical and original aspect of Allais'a works.Item „Celestes Camaradas": Samuel Feijóo o la soledad del chamán(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Skowroński, KonradBasing on poetic works of Samuel Feijóo, one of Cuba's most prolific artists of the 20th century, the author of the study tries to establish the symmetries existing between the social position and work of a shaman and a poet. Thereby, the study brings innovatory vision of poetic vocation and practice, hence seen (with some restrictions) as modern form of states and activities that in archaic cultures were those of the shaman. Furthermore, the author exalts the solitude inscribed in life of both poet and shaman and proves that neither the union with landscape nor the suspension of the difference between reality and illusion fits in the Occident scientific language, and they are more likely to be described as transformation of shaman's ecstatic euphoria. Putting those theoretical assumptions into practice, the study presents the interpretation of two poems from Feijóo's first important book of poetry: Camarada Celeste, which are read as transcriptions of ecstatic journey to the Upper World, and of the fragment of poet's masterpiece Beth-el, where we descend with him to the Lower World.Item Rachilde et ses «Mercuriales»(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Lair, SamuelThe emblem of decadence, Rachilde's literature is regarded as obscure, meant for the "happy few" who are fond of a modernity which is now outdated. In a field where languidness and the wild lyricism of imagination predominate, the criticisms written by the novel columnist are remarkable for their strength and the efficiency of their approach. For more than thirty years, in the columns of Mercure de France, she used her talent as a reader, applying herself to protecting the review's favourite novelists, praising some novel for their authenticity while denouncing the bad quality of others pieces of work. Her production, which covered a large number of novels, stood out. However, her work is not free of errors. Besides the names that she wants to promote, the article examines the liberties she allows herself to take with literary criticism, however codified this genre might be: recurrence of themes, outline of a poetical approach of the novel, quest for action, longing for a moral dimension, reinstatement of a function of the novel as entertainment. All these elements reveal how she manages to avoid the constraint of the critical exercise, putting her own mark on a practice which is traditionally distant from pure creation. Thus, criticism can function as a laboratory for the art of writing.Item Un silenzio molto profumato - alcune riflessioni sul romanzo „La lunga vita di Marianna Ucrìa " di Dacia Maraini(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Kornacka, BarbaraThe article devoted to novel La lunga vita di Marianna Ucrìa of Dacia Maraini constitutes a reflection upon cognition by means of senses. The analysis concerns the experience of cognition of the world (people, situations, places) by the main character, deaf and dumb person, whose sensual cognition of the reality is dominated by the sense of sight and smell. The analysis concentrates on the character of smelling sensations, indicating their crucial but forgotten function of the contact with the reality and its interpretation. The article highlights the problem of non verbality and non-divisibility of perceptions of the sense of smell, which the author of the novel Dacia Maraini faced.Item Apollinaire et l'esthétique de la perte(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Fraisse, LucDoes aesthetics of loss exist? What can we lose when we give vent to our poetic creative activity? These questions are posed by Apollinaire in the three verses of the Calligrammes collection, used to interpret the Alcools collection: "To lose/But to lose truly/ In order to make room for revelation." Accordingly, what does the experience of creative loss consist in? It is about emphasizing all this that can be lost in a poetic text in order to see that loss can become a creative process once it turns out to be impossible, and that poetic revelation can only take place in a situation when we lose something. Apollinaire was distrustful of all explicit poetic manifestos; therefore, the answers full of nuances should be sought in the dim light of Alcools and its interpretations.Item « Mobile » de Michel Butor : entre le scriptural et le pictural(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Dahmany, KhalidGenerically, M. Butor's Mobile is an unclassifiable product because of its deliberately confusing form. This is a text whose aesthetics is not very common and whose value is emphasized by the scriptural deviations it hides. From the abundance of the typographic blanks (and their "geometrisation") to the mixture of the characters, passing through the syntactic sabotage, everything is expressed in a dynamics of break-up and incompletion. The whole resembles, in its homogenous heterogeneity, a collage or rather these blankets - the "quilts" - made by craftsmen of different pieces of cloth sewn together and frequently referred to by Butor in this Study for a representation of the United States.Item Procédé du calque des nouveaux dérivés préfixaux français en « euro-langage » polonais(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Trajder, WojciechThis paper intends to study the phenomenon of calqued translation from French into Polish "euro-language". Its main part is focused on different derivation products, in particular: created in the process of prefixation and pseudo-prefixation (called also: telescoped wordsformation) French EU-terms and their Polish translations. The formal and semantic analysis allows to distinguish their lexicogenic structure differences and some categories of calqued translation procedure. The main purpose is to show how the morphological calque functions in contact of two families of different (Roman and Slavic) languages. However, as important for EU-affairs, some English and German equivalent terms are also added, in order to foreground the universality of calque procedure in the principal EUworking languages word-formation.Item De différents types de jonction dans les series synonymiques choisies(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Tkaczyk, MagdalenaIn the article we discuss semantic connectivity of set of synonymous adjectives series. We present models of connection of selected types of French and Polish adjectives, frequency of their appearance and methods of realization in individual synonymous series.Item Medico /medicastro - considerazioni sulla competenza non solo comunicativa e / o linguistica(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Szpingier, BeataThe aim of this article is to illustrate the complexities of relations at the level of verbal communication between two separate environments: patients and physicians. Many terms used while addressing physicians are related to and depend on their professional activities. The way of expressing thoughts and the choice of lexical items reflect emotional states and reactions to certain facts and standards of behaviour. We know of many possible linguistic reactions to specific real-life situations and the choice of lexical items depends upon both sociolinguistic factors (level of education of the speaker, place of residence, means of communications) as well as morphological factors (morphological processes) and semantic factors (using metaphoric expressions).Item ¿Es aspectual o temporal el carácter de la oposición imperfectivo /perfectivo?(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Pawlak, AnetaIn this article, we present a short historical summary of the following terms: the aspect and the imperfective /perfective opposition to answer the question if the imperfective /perfective opposition has an aspectual or temporal character. We distinguish two types of the aforementioned opposition: the temporal imperfective /perfective opposition expressed by the Spanish tenses Pretérito Indefinido / Pretérito Imperfecto that is characterized by the property of [± temporal delimitation]; and the aspectual imperfective /perfective opposition recognizable in the aspectual system of the Slavonic languages that is characterized by the property of [± conclusion of the process].Item Transferts culturels à la télévision francoallemande Arte(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Borowczyk, PaulinaThe increasingly intensive cultural, information, language, political and economic contacts and exchanges between countries and the developement of different new technologies make it necessary to foresee some media communications which from the beginning are addressed to recipients of different cultures. The Franco-German channel Arte, a European company is an example of this conception. It is responsible for the production and diffusion of cultural programmes which are aimed at various national audiences. Part of that as Arte broadcasts simultaneously all its programmes in two languages: French and German, it is necessary to use translators and interpreters who make it possible for the French audience to watch the German version and vice versa. In the following article, the results of our study about the translation of sociocultural aspects via Arte will be presented. First we will talk about the specific characteristic of the translation in the media -which apart from words also includes images. We will also show that sometimes an extra explanation is required to understand what is shown in the programme. Eventually, we will introduce the different procedures of translation used by translators when they are confronted with a term related to sociocultural aspects. Some samples from Arte TV news will be provided as a support for this article.Item Les principes de la description syntagmatique des constructions fondées sur la présence des expressions symétriques(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Nkollo, MikołajStructural modeling of sentences based on symmetric expressions has to be designed so as to take into account the diversity of syntactic functions covered by this class of language signs. It implies taking into consideration particular features of symmetric predicates depending on the part of speech they represent. Fundamental methodological assumptions of this approach are to be sought in so-called "semantically based grammar".Item Le développement de la compétence argumentative et l'initiation au discours académique(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Górecka, JoannaThe aim of the paper is to present the specificity of oral argumentative competence in a foreign language and to propose a tentative model of task-based learning of argumentative discourse. It is assumed in the paper that the communicative situation tasks proposed during classes of French as a foreign language in the French Philology Department should contribute to the academic discourse learning. In the paper we present an analysis of two fragments of argumentative situations; the first one concerns the so-called everyday argumentative situation and another one illustrates an argumentative orientation of academic discourse.Item Rhétorique des figures et rhétorique des conflits; entre stylistique et argumentation(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Domańska-Gruszka, JolantaThe term of rhetoric has known several senses since its foundation as techne of persuasion by Aristote. This paper presents the historical reasons of limitation of the first rhetorical project into the scholar treaties in 17th-19th centuries. The next question is to explain the revival of rhetorical tradition with Chaim Perelman Olbrechts-Tyteca Traité de l'argumentation focused on the theory of argumentation and the French "nouvelle critique" focused on linguistics and stylistics. The key-term for both linguistic and philosophic approach of new rhetoric is a figure of speech. The author tries to find out if the modem reunified vision of rhetoric is possible and suitable.Item Schita de sistematizare a alternantelor morfonologice (pe baza materialului flexionar)(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Cychnerski, TomaszThis paper continues and implements several other ones concerning the morphonology of the standard contemporary Romanian. It analyzes all the alternations which appear in the structure of the inflectional root according to seven criteria: (1) phonological status of the alternating terms, (2) phonological process realized by the alternation, (3) factors conditioning the alternation, (4) grammatical domain in which the alternation occurs, (5) regularity of the alternation, (6) its productiveness and (7) its functions.Item El humor polaco en la realidad española: los juegos de palabras en ,, Ostatnie życzenie " de Andrzej Sapkowski y su traducción por José María Faraldo(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Koszarska, MajaThe translation of humour is a challenge. It requires the accurate decoding of a humorous speech in its original context, the transfer of that speech in a different linguistic and cultural environment and its reformulation in a new expression, which recaptures the intention of the original message. The actual work attempts to present the nature of puns, which constitute one of the manifestations of humour in the literature, in its linguistic and cultural dimension. The study is based on a comparative analysis of examples of puns from Ostatnie życzenie of Andrzej Sapkowski and its Spanish translation. The results are compared in terms of equivalence in linguistic, stylistic and cultural properties to show a risk of loss of the transtextual and transcultural elements and the way of recompensing these elements by substitution, amplification and other rhetorical techniques.Item Alla ricerca dell'„Arcadia degli artisti": il viaggio in Italia di Józef Ignacy Kraszewski(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) De Carlo, Andrea F.In 1858 J. I. Kraszewski accomplished a trip around Italy, a country defined by Goethe as the artists' Arcadia. His trip was described in his travel diary Kartki z podróży 1858-1864 (Travel pages 1858-1864). Kraszewski's aims as an artist and art critic were to deepen his theoretical knowledge, to see the Antique Rome, since he was fascinated by archeology and history, and visit Dante's city, because he had translated The Divine Comedy around 1864.Item Organizzazione spaziale dei gesti semilinguistici nelle comunicazioni italiana e polacca(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Szarota, BeataIn our article we study spatial organization of conventional emblems gestures used in Polish and Italian communication. We analyze the relationship between the span of performed gesture and the space taken up by the emitter, as well as the role of the emitter and the recipient of a gesture. We also present the factors affecting the changes of the span of gestures, namely: distance between the emitter and the recipient, social-cultural factors, social-geographical factors, a reference factor, deictic character of gestures.Item Effets stylistiques dans les titres des articles de presse a l’exemple de la presse française et polonaise(Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 2007) Dyoniziak, JolantaThe role of the media in the contemporary world is important and it isn’t limited only to communication. Equipped with specific techniques of writing, the media create mass culture. The following paper deals with stylistics proprieties of titles in the French and Polish press. The whole description is based on a large number of press titles which are interesting owing to their stylistics.